The Antioch community was concerned over whether Gentile Christians need be circumcised to be saved, and sent Paul and Barnabas to confer with the Jerusalem church. Paul describes these pillars as the ones who will minister to the "circumcised" (in general Jews and Jewish Proselytes) in Jerusalem, while Paul and his fellows will minister to the "uncircumcised" (in general Gentiles) (Galatians 2:12), after a debate in response to concerns of the Christians of Antioch. In Galatians 2:9, Paul mentions James with Cephas and John the Apostle as the three "pillars" of the Church. Paul describes James as being one of the persons to whom the risen Christ showed himself, ( 1 Corinthians 15:3–8). In Paul's account of his visit to Jerusalem in Galatians 1:18-19, he states that he stayed with Cephas (better known as Peter) and James, the brother of the Lord, was the only other apostle he met. When Paul arrives in Jerusalem to deliver the money he raised for the faithful there, it is to James that he speaks, and it is James who insists that Paul ritually cleanse himself at Herod's Temple to prove his faith and deny rumors of teaching rebellion against the Torah ( Acts 21:18). The Pauline epistles and the later chapters of the Acts of the Apostles portray James as an important figure in the Jewish Christian community of Jerusalem. James the Just was "from an early date, with Peter, a leader of the Church at Jerusalem and from the time when Peter left Jerusalem after Herod Agrippa's attempt to kill him, James appears as the principal authority who presided at the Council of Jerusalem." Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.įind sources: "James, brother of Jesus" – news Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. This section relies largely or entirely on a single source. Leader of the Jerusalem Church The Jerusalem Church The oldest surviving Christian liturgy, the Liturgy of St James, uses this epithet. He is sometimes referred to in Eastern Christianity as "James Adelphotheos" ( Ancient Greek: Ἰάκωβος ὁ Ἀδελφόθεος), meaning "James the Brother of God". Epithet Įusebius records that Clement of Alexandria related, "This James, whom the people of old called the Just because of his outstanding virtue, was the first, as the record tells us, to be elected to the episcopal throne of the Jerusalem church." Other epithets are "James the brother of the Lord, surnamed the Just," and "James the Righteous". It is agreed by most that he should not be confused with James, son of Zebedee also known as James the Great. The Catholic tradition holds that this James is to be identified with James, son of Alphaeus, and James the Less. Traditionally, it is believed he was martyred in AD 62 or 69 by being stoned to death by the Pharisees on order of High Priest Ananus ben Ananus.Ĭatholics and Eastern Orthodox Christians teach that James, along with others named in the New Testament as " brothers" of Jesus, were not the biological children of Mary, mother of Jesus, but were possibly cousins of Jesus, or step-brothers from a previous marriage of Joseph (as related in the Gospel of James). He was an early leader of the Jerusalem Church of the Apostolic Age. James the Just, or a variation of James, brother of the Lord ( Latin: Iacobus from Hebrew: יעקב, Ya'akov and Greek: Ἰάκωβος, Iákōbos, can also be Anglicized as " Jacob"), was "a brother of Jesus", according to the New Testament. There is disagreement about the exact relationship to Jesus. Red martyr, fuller's club man holding a book May 3 ( Catholic), May 1 ( Anglican), October 23 ( Lutheran), ( Episcopal Church (USA)), ( Eastern Orthodox), December 26 ( Eastern Orthodox) All Christian denominations that venerate saints
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